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In machine learning, multi-label classification and the strongly related problem of multi-output classification are variants of the classification problem where multiple target labels must be …
A digital elevation model (DEM) is a digital model or 3D representation of a terrain’s surface — commonly for a planet (including Earth), moon, or …
Density functional theory (DFT) is a computational quantum mechanical modelling method used in physics, chemistry and materials science to investigate the electronic structure (principally the …
In statistics and mathematics, linear least squares is an approach fitting a mathematical or statistical model to data in cases where the idealized value provided …
Markov decision processes (MDPs) provide a mathematical framework for modeling decision making in situations where outcomes are partly random and partly under the control of …
Decision tree learning uses a decision tree as a predictive model which maps observations about an item (represented in the branches) to conclusions about the …
In optimization, the line search strategy is one of two basic iterative approaches to find a local minimum of an objective function . The other …
In information theory, the cross entropy between two probability distributions and over the same underlying set of events measures the average number of bits needed …
Vector graphics is the use of polygons to represent images in computer graphics. Vector graphics are based on vectors, which lead through locations called control …
Computer security, also known as cyber security or IT security, is the protection of information systems from theft or damage to the hardware, the software, …
